Are there electric reefer trailers?

The transition of fleets to electric vehicles is contingent upon the expansion and enhancement of charging networks and infrastructure. Given that electric tractors and trailers require substantial energy resources, the present electrical infrastructure in the U.S. finds itself strained, capable of accommodating a limited scope of large fleets. Consequently, achieving widespread availability of this infrastructure is a process that will unfold over many years.

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Moreover, installing chargers at a fleet's facility can often be both time-consuming and expensive. The process of setting up utilities to provide sufficient power may stretch over months or even years. While government incentives can alleviate some costs, the bulk of the financial responsibility for electrification falls primarily on the fleet owners.

Despite these hurdles, fleets are under mounting pressure to expedite electrification due to impending emissions mandates. They require new, ready-to-deploy technologies to adapt to these changes with minimal disruption to their operations. Luckily, various options are available.

Electric Reefer Trailers: Easier to Implement Than Electric Trucks

Many fleets are beginning their electrification journey by adopting zero-emission refrigeration trailers. These trailers offer a faster implementation process due to their reduced power requirements compared to electric tractors. Additionally, various power generation options are readily accessible, easing this transition.

To power a trailer's transport refrigeration unit (TRU), fleets can select from options such as solar panels, axle generators, and in-wheel generators. These alternatives not only reduce dependence on grid power but also trim fuel consumption.

However, it is crucial for fleets to assess each option carefully and select the technology that best matches their unique route needs.

Solar-Powered Reefer Trailers

Solar technology provides a sustainable charging solution, contingent upon sufficient sunlight, making it particularly beneficial in specific scenarios like when vehicles are parked at a depot. The energy output from solar charging fluctuates, ranging from 2.5kW to a peak of 5kW.

That said, solar energy requires optimal weather conditions and may not be feasible in certain climates. Often, solar-powered trailers need grid power top-ups between routes as well. Solar panels are lightweight, adding less than an inch to the trailer's height, yet their low power output typically necessitates a large, high-capacity battery, which can significantly increase weight.

Axle Generator Power for Reefer Trailers

Axle generators generate energy while the vehicle is in motion, delivering a continuous power source. One implementation of this technology is belt-driven, utilizing a pulley system between the front trailer wheels. With a clutch system that engages for regenerative power, the system can operate in multiple power generation modes.

The weight of axle generators is comparable to solar technology, varying based on the battery size and whether the fleet opts to remove the diesel tank. An electric TRU system, powered by solar or axle generators, can weigh nearly the same as a diesel system or up to 1,000 pounds more.

In terms of performance, axle generators can produce up to 15kW of power and are known for faster and more efficient energy generation compared to solar alternatives.

In-Wheel Generators for Zero-Emission Reefer Trailers

In-wheel generators have become the most efficient and rapid charging option for regenerative technology. The electric motors are housed within the hub and brake drum, shielding them from debris and weather damage. Additionally, in-wheel generators integrate seamlessly with axles and suspensions already used by fleets.

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In-wheel power generation operates at high voltages, allowing it to cater to greater power demands for vehicle propulsion. This technology improves efficiency with reduced voltage drop-off, necessitating less power amperage for optimal performance.

An exemplary in-wheel power system is ConMet eMobility's nMotion TR 160-45, which utilizes the space between the axle spindle and brake shoes to deliver up to 160kW of power per axle, creating various installation opportunities within both hybrid and fully electric commercial vehicles.

Weighing in at approximately 1,800 pounds, the nMotion TR 160-45's high energy output allows for a smaller battery, facilitating quicker recharging on the road or with shore power. This offers fleets rapid turnaround times at depots, negating the need for overnight battery charging.

How Fleets Can Start Using Alternative Energy Today

Integrating zero-emission refrigeration trailers into a fleet is an excellent strategy to kick-start the electrification journey. This method poses significantly fewer challenges than an immediate shift to all-electric vehicles. Regenerative power diminishes reliance on charging infrastructure, but each technology presents its own set of advantages and disadvantages.

Fleets should investigate and evaluate their options based on their specific operational needs. To Truck Electric Refrigeration Units, contact us today for expert advice!