cryogenic valves buying guide, its uses, and benefits

Cryogenic Valves Buying Guide, Its Uses, and Benefits

Cryogenic valves are designed to operate effectively at extremely low temperatures. They play a critical role in various industries such as petrochemical and aerospace, which require handling fluids at subzero conditions. Cryogenic valves typically function within a temperature range of -40°F (-40°C) to -320°F (-196°C), depending on industry specifications.

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Cryogenic Valves and Their Applications

Cryogenic valves are crucial components in industrial settings due to their ability to function at low temperatures. Below are some common applications.

Terminals and Plants for Liquid Nitrogen Gas (LNG)

In the oil and gas industry, cryogenic valves control liquified gases such as liquid nitrogen, methane, and helium. Maintaining these gases at cryogenic temperatures allows for non-pressurized, safe storage and transportation. Condensate, moisture, CO2, and H2S must be removed before chilling the gases to prevent downstream corrosion.

Cryogenic Treatment

Since the advancements accelerated post-World War II, cryogenic tempering has enhanced metal tool durability significantly, thanks to its superior process compared to traditional heat treatment. Cryogenic valves are also used in the food industry for freezing products and in biotech for preserving vaccines.

Applications in Aerospace

In aerospace, cryogenic fuels such as liquid hydrogen and oxygen are commonly used as propellants. These systems require cryogenic valves to manage the flow of these fuels seamlessly.

Cryogenic Valve Types

There are various cryogenic valves, each offering unique advantages for specific applications. It's crucial to select the appropriate type to ensure a tight shut-off, given the delicate nature of cryogenic fluids.

Cryogenic Butterfly Valves

Triple-offset butterfly valves offer a non-friction, metal-to-metal seal, ensuring bubble-tight shut-off. They provide quick open-close action and are suitable for remote control operations. Examples include the Durco TX3 butterfly valve, known for its superior sealing, low torque, and reduced wear.

Valves for Cryogenic Globes

Globe valves have a disc that rotates 90 degrees to the plane of the body seat, making them effective for tight sealing. However, they are susceptible to erosion in high-flow systems. Using a full Stellite valve trim can help mitigate wear due to the reduced lubricity of cryogenic fluids.

Ball Valves for Cryogenic Environments

Double-seal ball valves, like the L&T and AMPO Poyam, are popular for liquid gas applications due to their excellent flow characteristics and tight sealing. Their design reduces heat transfer, maintaining gland packing around ambient temperature but is less suited for high-wear applications.

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Gate Valves for Cryogenic Environments

Gate valves, like those from Poyam and L&T, provide minimal pressure drop when fully open. These valves are preferred in larger sizes over ball valves but are more complex and costly to operate. Using Full Stellite Trim can help mitigate wear and tear, enhancing durability.

Testing of Cryogenic Valves

Cryogenic valves undergo rigorous testing to ensure reliability and safety. Common tests include:

• Shell Strength Test: Can be hydrostatic or pneumatic, conducted at 1.5 times the maximum operating pressure.
• Shell and Seat Leak Test: For pneumatic testing, inflated to 1.1 times the maximum operating pressure; for hydrostatic, 1.3 times.
• Cryogenic Prototype and Production Test: Conducted per BS 6364 standards.

Design Considerations for Cryogenic Valve Stems

Cryogenic Valves Design Consideration

Cryogenic valves often feature long bonnets to keep the valve stem seals away from the cold source. This design maintains hotter stem seals and provides sufficient distance for insulation between the pipeline and the valve's operation mechanism.

Cryogenic Valves Dimensions and Pressure Rating

Cryogenic valves come in various sizes, ranging from 1/8 inch (3 mm) to 88 inches (2240 mm), with pressure ratings from ultra-high vacuum to 700 bar. They are designed to operate at temperatures as low as -425°F (-254°C).

Cryogenic Valves Characteristics

• Lightweight valves are easier to cool from ambient to cryogenic temperatures.
• Lower conductivity valves reduce heat inflow compared to heavier structures.
• Installation in a clean environment with cold-service suitable lubricants is essential. Ensure proper documented cleaning procedures during assembly.

Placing Cryogenic Valves in a Piping System

For optimal performance, install the valve such that the stem has at least a 15-degree inclination to maintain a warm gas seal. Horizontal pipeline installations are recommended to simplify piping arrangements.

What Does GMK Provide?

GMK offers high-quality cryogenic valves, including cryogenic ball valves, triple offset butterfly valves, and more. GMK continually innovates to stay ahead in the market, providing customized, durable solutions for extreme environments.

Check the Features of the Cryogenic Triple Offset Butterfly Valve:

Cryogenic Triple Offset Butterfly Valve

GMK’s triple offset butterfly valve features a metallic seat, RT-tested body and disc, and designs optimized for low temperatures and cold settings. This valve ensures reliable sealing and robust performance.

Features:

1. Metallic seat.
2. RT-tested body and disc.
3. Designed for low temperatures.
4. Extensions to protect actuators.
5. Suitable for cold settings.
6. Excellent seat and seal structure.
7. Reliable seal with a smooth surface.

Conclusion

GMK provides top-notch cryogenic valves for various industries, ensuring high performance and safety. To discuss your requirements and explore the best options, contact us about the Cryogenic Ball Valve. Our experienced sales team is ready to assist you.