A directional control valve is used in hydraulic systems to precisely control the flow of hydraulic fluid. The valves allow directional control of the fluid by diverting the flow in different directions.

Detour from a source to an actuator or from an actuator to the return line are possible. This allows hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic motors to be controlled to perform movements in different directions.

In this article, we take a closer look at the functions, features and designs of directional control valves. Be sure to read on and learn more about ARGO-HYTOS solutions for hydraulics.

How do directional control valves actually work?

Directional control valves provide precise control of flow in hydraulic lines. They provide several functions that are critical to the efficient operation of a hydraulic system.

The first function of a directional control valve is to control the direction of flow. It can divert flow from a source to an actuator or from an actuator to the return line. This allows movement in different directions, such as forward and reverse movement of a hydraulic cylinder or rotation of a hydraulic motor.

Another important function of the directional control valve is to block the flow. In certain situations, it is necessary to stop the flow. This applies, for example, when a certain function is not needed or when maintenance work is being performed on a part of the system.

The directional control valve can block the flow and prevent the hydraulic fluid from entering a certain area. This allows maintenance work to be carried out without paralyzing the entire system.

What are the characteristics of directional control valves?

A characteristic feature of directional control valves is the number of connections and switching positions. Depending on the application and requirements, directional control valves with different connections and switching positions can be selected.

The number of connections indicates how many hydraulic lines can be connected to the valve. The number of switching positions indicates how many different positions the valve can take to control the flow accordingly.

By combining different connections and switching positions, directional control valves can be used in a variety of ways and allow for complex hydraulic control systems.

Another aspect is the different spool shapes of directional control valves and their functions. ARGO-HYTOS offers a variety of spool shapes for directional control valves, including:

• 4/3 directional control valve with Y spool for unpressurized float position
• Hydraulically releasable check valves
• Overcenter valves

Each spool shape has its specific function and is suitable for certain applications. Choosing the right spool shape enables optimal control of the hydraulic system and ensures reliable and precise operation.

Directional control valves with different characteristics from ARGO-HYTOS

Directional control valves are available from ARGO-HYTOS in a wide range of designs and variants. The range includes over 30 different spool shapes as standard, which are suitable for different applications and functions. In addition, we always offer our customers the option of having special spools developed and manufactured by our experts.

When selecting a directional control valve, various options are available to customize the function and actuation of the valve. We have developed ten different manual overrides to allow manual control of the valve in an emergency.

Furthermore, seven different nominal voltages of the solenoids at the coil connection are available for selection. They ensure optimum adaptation to electrical systems. Five different solenoid coils are also available for electromagnetic actuation.

The plug variants also play an important role in the installation and connection of the directional control valves. We offer nine different plug variants to enable easy and safe connection with other components of the hydraulic system.

We place great emphasis on the quality and durability of our products. Therefore, directional control valves from ARGO-HYTOS are subjected to a salt spray test according to DIN EN ISO . This ensures reliable surface protection for up to 1,000 hours.

Types of directional control valves

A common design of directional control valves are the screw-in cartridge valves. These valves are characterized by their simple assembly, as they can be screwed directly into the corresponding threaded connections. The screw-in cartridge valves allow a flexible design of the hydraulic system and can be easily adapted and extended.

Spool type design with housing

Another design of directional control valves is the spool design with housing, also known as a surface mounted valve with uniform hole patterns according to ISO 440. In this design, a spool made of hardened steel is used as a control element.

The spool is slid as a whole in the cast iron body. It can connect or close ports to change the function of the valve. The spool design allows precise control of flow. It is often used in applications where extremely precise control is required.

Modular design: Directional control valves RPEK

The modular design with directional control valves is also known as RPEK valve design. In this design, the spool is integrated into the module plates for horizontal interlinking. The valve consists of an inlet section with pressure relief valve and/or switchable pressureless circulation as well as one to eight flangeable directional control valves. The P (pressure) and T (tank) connections are looped through all sections.

The modular design offers the advantage of small dimensions, flexibility and compactness. It is particularly suitable for applications where limited installation space is available. By integrating several valves into one module, efficient and reliable control of the flow is made possible.

More designs

Another type of directional control valve is the screw-in cartridge valve in spool design. Here, a spool in a steel sleeve opens or closes radial bores. Also widely used are screw-in cartridge valves with a poppet seat, in which the spool is replaced by a hardened poppet. These designs each offer specific advantages such as simple assembly or technical leakage-free operation.

Significance of the operation and control of directional control valves

Depending on the requirements and application areas, various actuation and control options of directional control valves are available.

Actuation options for directional control valves

• Electromagnetic: Directional control valves can be operated electromagnetically. Here, the force is generated by an actuating element such as a pole tube, coil, armature or plunger. This method of actuation provides precise and reliable control of the valve.
• Manual: Manual actuation methods such as hand force or foot force are used in certain applications. They provide simple and direct control over the directional control valve.
• Mechanical: In mechanical actuation, the directional control valve is controlled by mechanical forces, for example, levers or push buttons.
• Pneumatic: Directional valves can be pneumatically actuated, using compressed air to control flow. This allows for quick and efficient control of the valve.
• Hydraulic: Hydraulic actuation uses hydraulic control pressure to move the spool of the directional control valve. This method provides precise and reliable control of the valve.

Meaning of spring return or pulse control with detent

Spring return or pulse control with detent is an important function in the actuation of directional control valves. It allows the valve to return to a specific position when the actuating force is removed. This ensures defined control of the flow and safe operation of the valve.

The detent ensures that the valve remains in the desired position even when no actuating force is applied. This is particularly important in applications where the position of the valve must remain stable over a long period of time to ensure reliable operation of the system.

Conclusion: The importance of directional control valves

Directional control valves enable precise control of flow in hydraulic systems. The valves provide directional control or block flow for specific functions or maintenance. They can be optimally used to ensure efficient operation and reliable control.

Would you like to learn more about our product portfolio? Or are you interested in an individual solution for your application? Then do not hesitate to contact the experts at ARGO-HYTOS. We offer comprehensive advice and support in selecting and implementing the most suitable valve technology for your needs.

Visit our contact page and let us advise you personally and without obligation!

What Are Directional Control Valves, And Why Do You Need One?

Directional control valves are used to control the direction and movement of hydraulic fluid through a system. They are often referred to as switching valves, and come in three main categories: hydraulic check valves, directional spool valves and poppet valves that make up the different types of control valves.

Things To Consider When Choosing Directional Control Valves

There are five major points to consider when it comes to analysing the performance and suitability of directional control valves:

• Dynamic Power Limits;
• Static Power Limits;
• Resistance To Flow;
• Switching Time;
• Leakage;

What Is A Hydraulic Check Valve And How Can They Be Used?

Check valves are the simplest and most common form of directional control valve which are regularly used in hydraulic systems. These valves can be used to stop the flow of liquid in one direction, whilst still allowing the free flow of fluid in the opposite direction. These models are also commonly known as non-return valves.

Hydraulic check valves can also fulfil a range of other roles within a hydraulic system, including:

• Prefill-valves for anti-cavitation;
• Bypass valves or return-line filters;
• Denying flow in one direction;
• Pre-tensioning by creating backpressure within the system;
• Protect hydraulic components against surges in pressures;

Most check valves are spring-loaded, and rely on a ball or plate to seal the flow in a single direction. Check valves are designed to be able to reliably isolate circuits without running the risk of leakage. A range of different elements, including poppets with soft seals can also be used within these valves to isolate circuits.

What Is A Directional Spool Valve And How Can They Be Used?

These kinds of directional control valves are composed of a moving spool which is situated inside the housing of a valve. An actuating force then moves the control spool, which allows the channels within the housing to be connected or separated. These types of directional control valves have a range of unique features which makes them suitable for different conditions, including:

• Their simplicity makes them cheap to produce;
• A low actuating force;
• A high switching power;
• Low-level losses, despite consistent oil leakage;
• A wide range of control functions for operator ease;

These types of control valves can be either directly-operated or pilot-operated. These valves can be connected with solenoids or mechanically controlled via levers and rollers, or via hydraulic or pneumatic systems.

What Are Directional Poppet Valves?

These types of control valves are fitted into housing bores with a threaded connection, which is why they are commonly referred to as cartridge valves. These valves are suitable for operating situations of up to 1,000bar and can contain a range of seating elements, including balls, poppets and plates.

Just some of the key features which make these models extremely useful can include:

• No leakage;
• A long and reliable product lifetime;
• High maximum operating capacities;
• Very good sealant characteristics;

Their design allows these valves to become more tightly sealed when the operating pressure increased. Compared to other kinds of control valves, their maximum flow is often limited, making them unsuitable for systems which require high flow rates.

For High-Quality Directional Control Valves, Contact Flowfit Today

Here at Flowfit, we can provide a diverse range of valves, including hydraulic check valves for a diverse range of systems and applications. For more information, please don't hesitate to get in touch with our professional team of hydraulic specialists today on 876 033.

Alternatively, you can any questions or concerns to  and we'll get back to you as soon as we can!

Enjoyed this article? Share on social!

Actuation options for directional control valves

• Electromagnetic: Directional control valves can be operated electromagnetically. Here, the force is generated by an actuating element such as a pole tube, coil, armature or plunger. This method of actuation provides precise and reliable control of the valve.
• Manual: Manual actuation methods such as hand force or foot force are used in certain applications. They provide simple and direct control over the directional control valve.
• Mechanical: In mechanical actuation, the directional control valve is controlled by mechanical forces, for example, levers or push buttons.
• Pneumatic: Directional valves can be pneumatically actuated, using compressed air to control flow. This allows for quick and efficient control of the valve.
• Hydraulic: Hydraulic actuation uses hydraulic control pressure to move the spool of the directional control valve. This method provides precise and reliable control of the valve.

Meaning of spring return or pulse control with detent

Spring return or pulse control with detent is an important function in the actuation of directional control valves. It allows the valve to return to a specific position when the actuating force is removed. This ensures defined control of the flow and safe operation of the valve.

The detent ensures that the valve remains in the desired position even when no actuating force is applied. This is particularly important in applications where the position of the valve must remain stable over a long period of time to ensure reliable operation of the system.

Conclusion: The importance of directional control valves

Directional control valves enable precise control of flow in hydraulic systems. The valves provide directional control or block flow for specific functions or maintenance. They can be optimally used to ensure efficient operation and reliable control.

Would you like to learn more about our product portfolio? Or are you interested in an individual solution for your application? Then do not hesitate to contact the experts at ARGO-HYTOS. We offer comprehensive advice and support in selecting and implementing the most suitable valve technology for your needs.

Visit our contact page and let us advise you personally and without obligation!

What Are Directional Control Valves, And Why Do You Need One?

Directional control valves are used to control the direction and movement of hydraulic fluid through a system. They are often referred to as switching valves, and come in three main categories: hydraulic check valves, directional spool valves and poppet valves that make up the different types of control valves.

Things To Consider When Choosing Directional Control Valves

There are five major points to consider when it comes to analysing the performance and suitability of directional control valves:

• Dynamic Power Limits;
• Static Power Limits;
• Resistance To Flow;
• Switching Time;
• Leakage;

What Is A Hydraulic Check Valve And How Can They Be Used?

Check valves are the simplest and most common form of directional control valve which are regularly used in hydraulic systems. These valves can be used to stop the flow of liquid in one direction, whilst still allowing the free flow of fluid in the opposite direction. These models are also commonly known as non-return valves.

Hydraulic check valves can also fulfil a range of other roles within a hydraulic system, including:

• Prefill-valves for anti-cavitation;
• Bypass valves or return-line filters;
• Denying flow in one direction;
• Pre-tensioning by creating backpressure within the system;
• Protect hydraulic components against surges in pressures;

Most check valves are spring-loaded, and rely on a ball or plate to seal the flow in a single direction. Check valves are designed to be able to reliably isolate circuits without running the risk of leakage. A range of different elements, including poppets with soft seals can also be used within these valves to isolate circuits.

What Is A Directional Spool Valve And How Can They Be Used?

These kinds of directional control valves are composed of a moving spool which is situated inside the housing of a valve. An actuating force then moves the control spool, which allows the channels within the housing to be connected or separated. These types of directional control valves have a range of unique features which makes them suitable for different conditions, including:

• Their simplicity makes them cheap to produce;
• A low actuating force;
• A high switching power;
• Low-level losses, despite consistent oil leakage;
• A wide range of control functions for operator ease;

These types of control valves can be either directly-operated or pilot-operated. These valves can be connected with solenoids or mechanically controlled via levers and rollers, or via hydraulic or pneumatic systems.

What Are Directional Poppet Valves?

These types of control valves are fitted into housing bores with a threaded connection, which is why they are commonly referred to as cartridge valves. These valves are suitable for operating situations of up to 1,000bar and can contain a range of seating elements, including balls, poppets and plates.

Just some of the key features which make these models extremely useful can include:

• No leakage;
• A long and reliable product lifetime;
• High maximum operating capacities;
• Very good sealant characteristics;

Their design allows these valves to become more tightly sealed when the operating pressure increased. Compared to other kinds of control valves, their maximum flow is often limited, making them unsuitable for systems which require high flow rates.

For High-Quality Directional Control Valves, Contact Flowfit Today

Here at Flowfit, we can provide a diverse range of valves, including hydraulic check valves for a diverse range of systems and applications. For more information, please don't hesitate to get in touch with our professional team of hydraulic specialists today on 876 033.

Alternatively, you can any questions or concerns to  and we'll get back to you as soon as we can!

Enjoyed this article? Share on social!

For more information, please visit Fluid Control Solutions.